引入依赖

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>AsposeJavaAPI</id>
            <name>Aspose Java API</name>
            <url>https://repository.aspose.com/repo/</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
    <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>AsposeJavaAPI</id>
            <url>https://repository.aspose.com/repo/</url>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>
  <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.aspose</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspose-words</artifactId>
            <version>21.1</version>
            <type>pom</type>
        </dependency>     
  </dependencies>  

生成表格用到的模型类

    public static class TdInfo {
        public TdInfo(Integer rowSpan, Integer colSpan, String text) {
            this.rowSpan = rowSpan;
            this.colSpan = colSpan;
            this.text = text;
        }
        /**
         * 垂直合并单元格 大于1需要合并
         */
        private Integer rowSpan;
        /**
         * 水平合并单元格 大于1需要合并
         */
        private Integer colSpan;
        /**
         * 文本信息
         */
        private String text;
        //省略 get ,set 方法
 }     

aspose.word功能工具类

 /**
     * 创建word文件
     *
     * @param trList 表格数据
     * @param file   生成的word文件对象
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static boolean createWord(List<List<TdInfo>> trList, File file) {
        try {
            // 实例化一个document对象
            Document document = new Document();
            // 创建一个DocumentBuilder类的对象，并使用Document对象对其进行初始化
            DocumentBuilder builder = new DocumentBuilder(document);
            // Specify font formatting
            Font font = builder.getFont();
            font.setSize(13);
            //字体加粗
            font.setBold(true);
            //设置字体颜色
            font.setColor(Color.RED);
            //设置字体
            font.setName("宋体");
            //插入文本行信息
            builder.write("测试生成word文件");
            //换行符
            builder.insertBreak(BreakType.LINE_BREAK);
            //换页符
            //builder.insertBreak(BreakType.PAGE_BREAK);
            font.setColor(Color.BLACK);
            //设置文本内容格式
            //ParagraphFormat paragraphFormat = builder.getParagraphFormat();
            //设置首行缩进2个字符
            //paragraphFormat.setFirstLineIndent(font.getSize() * 2);
            builder.write("insert table info------------------------->");
            builder.insertBreak(BreakType.LINE_BREAK);
            //插入表格信息
            int size = trList.size(), tdSize;
            // 创建表格
            Table table = builder.startTable();
            List<TdInfo> tdList;
            TdInfo tdInfo;
            //存储垂直合并单元格的信息
            Map<Integer, Integer> rowSpanMap = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>();
            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                tdList = trList.get(i);
                //迭代单元格信息
                tdSize = tdList.size();
                for (int j = 0; j < tdSize; j++) {
                    tdInfo = tdList.get(j);

                    //CellMerge.FIRST和CellMerge.PREVIOUS需要组合使用才能合并单元格,FIRST表示为主要的单元格,PREVIOUS表示为被合并的单元格
                    if (tdInfo.getRowSpan() > 1) {
                        //垂直合并单元格
                        rowSpanMap.put(j, tdInfo.getRowSpan() + i);
                        builder.insertCell();
                        builder.getCellFormat().clearFormatting();
                        builder.getCellFormat().setVerticalMerge(CellMerge.FIRST);
                    } else {
                        int rowNumber = rowSpanMap.containsKey(j) ? rowSpanMap.get(j) : 0;
                        if (j < rowNumber) {
                            //合并行单元格信息
                            builder.insertCell();
                            builder.getCellFormat().clearFormatting();
                            builder.getCellFormat().setVerticalMerge(CellMerge.PREVIOUS);
                        }
                        builder.insertCell();
                        builder.getCellFormat().clearFormatting();
                    }
                    if (tdInfo.getColSpan() > 1) {
                        //水平合并单元格
                        builder.getCellFormat().setHorizontalMerge(CellMerge.FIRST);
                    }
                    //垂直居中对齐
                    //builder.getCellFormat().setVerticalAlignment(CellVerticalAlignment.CENTER);
                    if(i==0){
                        //设置首行的背景色为白色
                        builder.getCellFormat().getShading().setBackgroundPatternColor(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);
                        //水平居中对齐
                        builder.getParagraphFormat().setAlignment(ParagraphAlignment.CENTER);
                    }else{
                        builder.getParagraphFormat().setAlignment(ParagraphAlignment.LEFT);
                    }
                    //写入文本
                    builder.write(tdInfo.getText());
                    for (int p = 0; p < tdInfo.getColSpan() - 1; p++) {
                        //合并列单元格需要插入对应的空白列
                        builder.insertCell();
                        builder.getCellFormat().clearFormatting();
                        builder.getFont().clearFormatting();
                        builder.getCellFormat().setHorizontalMerge(CellMerge.PREVIOUS);
                        builder.getCellFormat().setVerticalMerge(CellMerge.NONE);
                    }
                }
                // 表格内的换行符
                builder.endRow();
            }
            // 表格结束
            builder.endTable();
            //table.autoFit(AutoFitBehavior.AUTO_FIT_TO_WINDOW);
            //生成文件
            document.save(file.getAbsolutePath());
            return true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
    }

测试

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        List<TdInfo> tr1 = Arrays.asList(new TdInfo(2, 1, "row 1 col 1 Row span 2"), new TdInfo(1, 1, "row 1 col 2"), new TdInfo(1, 1, "row 1 col 3"));
        List<TdInfo> tr2 = Arrays.asList(new TdInfo(1, 2, "row 2 col 2 Col span 2"));
        List<List<TdInfo>> trList = Arrays.asList(tr1, tr2);
        createWord(trList, new File("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\test.docx"));
    }